Ozempic is the brand name for semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist prescribed by weekly injection to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It is also indicated to reduce certain cardiovascular and renal risks in high-risk individuals with diabetes. Its action mimics an intestinal hormone that slows gastric emptying, stimulates insulin secretion when blood sugar is high, and decreases appetite. The expected result is better blood sugar management, often accompanied by weight loss.
Indications, difference from Wegovy and instructions for use
Ozempic is used in conjunction with a healthy lifestyle. The injection is administered under the skin, once a week, on the same day. It should not be confused with Wegovy, which also contains semaglutide but is specifically authorized for weight management with different dosages. In practice, some patients lose weight with Ozempic, but the official authorization for weight loss is for Wegovy.
Common side effects
The most common side effects are digestive: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation. These occur mainly at the beginning or during dose increases. Regular hydration and smaller, more frequent meals often help to alleviate them.
Important side effects to be aware of
Certain situations require prompt notification of a healthcare professional: signs of acute pancreatitis ( intense and persistent abdominal pain with or without vomiting ), suspected biliary problems, worsening of diabetic retinopathy, marked dehydration with decreased kidney function, and severe allergic reactions. Due to delayed gastric emptying, Ozempic administration must be reported before any anesthesia or deep sedation. The medication carries a warning about the risk of thyroid tumors observed in animals and is contraindicated in individuals with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN2 syndrome.
Ozempic face: what are we talking about?
The term "Ozempic face" refers to a face that appears more hollow, with thinner cheeks, sagging skin, and more visible wrinkles. This is not a direct pharmacological effect of semaglutide, but rather a consequence of rapid weight loss, which reduces facial fat and alters skin elasticity. This phenomenon can occur with any significant weight loss, regardless of the method used.
Gradual weight loss, sufficient protein intake, and muscle strengthening help maintain body shape. Topical collagen-boosting treatments, strict sun protection, and, if necessary, aesthetic solutions such as fillers or radiofrequency treatments can be discussed with a specialist. These measures address the primary cause: rapid changes in body volume.
Muscle mass loss: a point of concern
All weight loss is accompanied by a loss of lean mass. In clinical trials of semaglutide in overweight or obese adults, the reduction in fat was greater than the reduction in lean mass, but lean mass still decreased, which can impact strength and basal metabolic rate if not managed. Incorporating two to three weekly strength training sessions and aiming for protein intake appropriate to body weight are concrete ways to limit this effect.
Hair loss: what do we know?
Hair loss is not listed as a common side effect in the Ozempic package insert. However, cases have been reported with weight-loss doses of semaglutide in Wegovy studies, albeit at low frequencies. The most likely mechanism is telogen effluvium related to the metabolic stress of rapid weight loss and possible nutritional deficiencies. Assessment relies on evaluating protein, iron, zinc, and B vitamin intake, and adjusting the rate of weight loss.
Who should avoid it or be extra cautious?
Ozempic is not recommended in cases of gastroparesis and is contraindicated in individuals with a history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN2 ,or an allergy to semaglutide. Caution is advised in cases of pre-existing diabetic retinopathy, a history of pancreatitis, biliary disease, renal insufficiency, or when taking insulin or sulfonylureas concomitantly, as these increase the risk of hypoglycemia. The drug should be discontinued at least two months before a planned pregnancy.
Practical tips for safer use
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Increase the doses gradually and respect the recommended increments.
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Eat slowly, favour smaller meals rich in protein, avoid alcohol on days of nausea.
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Drink enough water to prevent dehydration.
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Schedule muscle strengthening exercises to preserve lean mass and facial tone.
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Notify the anesthesiologist or endoscopist if a procedure is planned.
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Contact a doctor immediately if you experience severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, jaundice, a sudden decrease in vision, or signs of allergy.
Key points to remember
Ozempic is an effective tool for managing type 2 diabetes, which can lead to weight loss, with frequent digestive side effects and specific risks to monitor. Ozempic is particularly suited to addressing volume changes associated with rapid weight loss. Prevention involves moderate weight loss, proper nutrition, and muscle exercise. Any decision to start, adjust, or stop this treatment should be made in consultation with a healthcare professional, taking into account your individual medical history.
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